What Is Blind Signing in Crypto: Why ELLIPAL is Better Than Ledger?

Imagine you are asked to sign a contract without reading it. It sounds scary, right? This scenario is very real in the cryptocurrency world. Many people approve blockchain transactions without fully knowing what they contain, a practice known as blind signing.

Blind signing is often described as “signing a contract with your eyes closed, a contract you haven’t even read.”

This guide will explain what blind signing is, why it’s risky, and how the ELLIPAL Titan 2.0 hardware wallet provides a game-changing solution with its clear-signing approach.

Latest News: Ledger CTO Charles Guillemet recently warned about a massive NPM supply-chain attack where a compromised developer account injected malware into packages with over 1B downloads. The malicious code swaps wallet addresses to steal funds. Guillemet stressed that users must rely on hardware wallets with secure screens and clear signing, which lets you visually verify the exact address and amount before confirming. This extra step is crucial to block invisible code manipulations that software wallets might miss.

What Is Blind Signing?

Blind signing in crypto refers to approving a transaction or smart contract without verifying its full details on your wallet device. In other words, you agree to something on the blockchain without really knowing what it is. 

On a technical level, this often happens when a hardware wallet or software wallet can’t display the entire transaction in a human-readable way, so the user is “blind” to what they are actually signing.

This has become common in modern crypto because many transactions (especially those involving smart contracts for DeFi or NFTs) are complex. Traditional wallet interfaces struggle to show all the data. For example, a Ledger hardware wallet might only show a vague message or a hash instead of the full contract details. The user is then expected to trust the transaction blindly.

Why would anyone blind sign? 

Sometimes users feel they have no choice. Certain decentralized apps (dApps) or external wallets require it because the hardware wallet can’t interpret the data. Blind signing allows the transaction to go through, but it requires a huge leap of faith. It’s like clicking “OK” on a prompt without reading the fine print. The danger is that you could be agreeing to more than you intended.

Why Is Blind Signing Risky?

In fact, blind signing turns secure self-custody into dangerous “self-fraud.” Below are some of the major risks when you sign transactions blindly, without seeing all the information:

• Unlimited Token Access Scams: This is one of the most common dangers. You might think you are just approving a single transaction or a small spend. In reality, a malicious smart contract could be asking for unlimited permission to use your tokens. So, if you blindly agree, the malicious contract can now spend or transfer all of that token from your wallet at any time. This kind of attack is often called an “unlimited approval” scam, and it preys on people not reading the contract details.
• Sending Assets to the Wrong Address: When you can’t clearly see the full destination address in a transaction, a single character difference can be disastrous. Cryptocurrency addresses are long strings of letters and numbers. If even one character is wrong, the address may be completely different. Blindly signing a transaction without verifying every character means you could be sending your money to an attacker’s address or just a non-existent address. And in crypto, transactions are irreversible; once the funds are sent, there’s usually no getting them back.
• Paying Excessive or Hidden Fees: Another risk of not seeing details is getting tricked into overpaying fees. Normally, a transaction will require you to pay a network fee (gas fee). Malicious contracts can manipulate this. If you blindly sign, you might end up approving a transaction with an outrageously high gas fee or a hidden fee that goes to a scammer.

Blind Signing vs. Clear Signing

Criteria	Blind Signing	Clear Signing
Definition	Signing a transaction without full details visible	Signing with human-readable transaction details displayed
Visibility of Details	No human-readable info; shows hashes or codes only	Full human-readable summary (e.g., “Swap 5830 USDC for 5.3 ETH”)
Security Level	Low	High
Risk of Scams	High vulnerability to malicious contracts and phishing	Low; prevents approval of hidden malicious actions
User Control	Limited; “trust, don’t verify” approach	Full: “don’t trust, verify” principle
Display Format	Raw hexadecimal or cryptic data	Plain language on a secure screen
Compatibility	Works with most dApps and wallets	Requires supporting apps (e.g., Ledger Live integrations)
Hardware Wallet Support	Enabled on Ledger/Trezor	ELLIPAL Titan 2.0
Transaction Speed	Faster; no review time needed	Slightly slower due to the verification step
Metadata Handling	No structured metadata parsing	Uses JSON format for clear intent and components

Why Can’t Most Wallets Prevent Blind Signing?

By now, the dangers of blind signing are clear. So, why does it still happen? The unfortunate truth is that many wallet devices, even popular hardware wallets, have design limitations that make full “clear signing” difficult. Let’s look at some major wallet brands and why they struggle to eliminate blind signing:

Ledger Nano X/S Series: Tiny Screen, Big Limitation

• Core issue: small screen. Ledger devices use a tiny display with only a few characters at a time. Long smart contracts cannot be shown fully.
• User experience: You need to press the side buttons many times to scroll. It feels like flipping through an invisible book, with no clear view of the whole contract.
• Result: Users often get tired, skip details, and press confirm. This is how malicious unlimited approvals happen.
• Bottom line: Ledger provides a very secure element (chip) to protect your keys, but it doesn’t provide an equally secure verification experience on that tiny display. Most of the burden is placed on the user to carefully navigate and interpret the cryptic info. As a result, even though the device is secure, the user can still fall victim to blind signing mistakes.

Trezor Model T: Better Interface, But Still Small

Slightly better, but limited. The Model T has a small touchscreen (240×240 pixels). For simple Bitcoin transactions, it works fine.

• Problem with complex contracts: DeFi swaps, staking approvals, and NFT mints need a lot of data to be shown. The screen is too small, forcing constant scrolling.
• Result: You still get only fragments of the full transaction, not a clear overview.
• Bottom line: Trezor improved usability a bit with touch controls, yet the core issue of screen real estate remains. You’re still likely to be scrolling and possibly missing something important.

Other Hardware Wallets (Keystone and Others): Air-Gapped, But Screen Constraints

• Approach: Keystone and some others use QR codes with air-gapped signing, similar to ELLIPAL.
• Limitation: Their screens are still small (around 2-3 inches). Data is folded or cut, so you cannot see the full contract at once.
• Bottom line: Safer than USB wallets, but not a true solution to blind signing. Clear signing requires that you can see all critical details clearly at once. A folded or cut-off display of information isn’t truly clear signing – it reintroduces the possibility of oversight.

ELLIPAL Titan 2.0: The Ultimate Solution with Clear Signing

The ELLIPAL Titan 2.0 cold wallet takes a fundamentally different approach to tackle blind signing. Instead of just trying to manage blind signing with warnings or partial solutions, ELLIPAL redesigned the hardware itself to enable what we call “Clear Signing.”

ELLIPAL Titan 2.0 achieves this through its unique hardware design: a large 4-inch touchscreen display dedicated to showing your transaction details clearly.

Why does a 4-inch screen matter so much? Think back to the earlier examples: a small screen could only show a snippet at a time, but the Titan 2.0’s 4-inch full-color screen can display a full crypto address or a complete smart contract function call without truncation. In fact, Titan 2.0 lets you see all the critical information at a glance, with no need for endless scrolling. 

For the first time, when you are about to sign a transaction, you can read the entire destination address, the exact amount, and even the specifics of a smart contract (like function names, parameters, and requested token approvals) on one screen. This is a revolutionary leap in user experience and safety. It transforms the signing process from “trusting what you can’t see” to “know exactly what you are agreeing to.”

In practice, this means if a dApp is asking for unlimited access to your tokens, you will see the actual amount or the word “unlimited” on the Titan’s screen immediately, no surprises. If the address you’re sending to looks unfamiliar, you’ll notice it without needing to scroll. The full context of the transaction is visible. This hardware-level solution addresses blind signing at its root, rather than as an afterthought.

With Titan 2.0’s clear signing, it adds the missing piece: protection against user error or deception. Now the user and device work together more effectively – the device shows everything clearly, and the user can make an informed decision. There’s no hidden element in the transaction that the user isn’t aware of. It’s the difference between night and day when compared to using a tiny screen wallet.

Conclusion

Blind signing has long been a serious vulnerability for crypto users. The root cause is often the inability of wallet devices to present transaction details clearly to the user. Most hardware wallets up to now have been secure vaults with tiny windows – secure, but hard to see through.

ELLIPAL Titan 2.0 changes the game by removing the blindfold. Its large touchscreen and clear signing design let users verify every aspect of a transaction easily. This empowers even beginner users to practice true “Don’t trust, verify” principles with confidence.

The Titan 2.0 shows that with the right hardware, blind signing can be avoided entirely. You no longer have to press “confirm” and pray that nothing was sneaky in the fine print; you can actually read the fine print on the device itself.

Read more: Best cold wallets for crypto